File:Amine in Submarines.pdf

Description

This source describes a case study of a 33-year-old non-smoking nuclear submariner who developed new-onset asthma after multiple extended deployments. Symptoms included hacking cough, postnasal drainage, dyspnea, dry skin, and new-onset wheezing, which often worsened while sitting directly under submarine air vents. The patient reported a strong 'amine odor' throughout deployments. Monoethanolamine is mentioned as a substance used in submarines to scrub excess airborne carbon dioxide. The case raises concern for amine exposure causing new-onset asthma. Additional potential airborne hazards aboard nuclear submarines include aldehydes, acrolein, ozone, nitrogen oxides, refrigerants, and volatile organic compounds. The submariner lived and worked continuously in low (~19%) oxygen and high carbon dioxide environments. They also experienced electrical fires requiring the use of oxygen-generating chlorate 'candles,' creating prolonged low oxygen environments. The submariner was diagnosed with new-onset asthma and sleep apnea, and although symptoms improved with treatment, he was disqualified from subsequent deployment due to asthma. The case underscores the need for additional studies of submarine air quality and potential respiratory disease risks.

Abstract

This source presents a case report of a nuclear submariner who developed new-onset asthma following multiple extended deployments. The submariner was exposed to poor air quality, including a strong 'amine odor' (suggesting amine exposure, like monoethanolamine used for CO2 scrubbing) and low oxygen environments. The case raises concern about the link between submarine air contaminants and respiratory diseases.